Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Homeostasis in Reproductive Physiology and Pathology

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Homeostasis in Reproductive Physiology and Pathology

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), comprises 60% of the total cell membrane and interacts directly or indirectly with several cell organelles i.e., Golgi bodies, mitochondria and proteasomes. The ER is usually associated with large numbers of attached ribosomes. During evolution, ER developed as the specific cellular site of synthesis, folding, modification and trafficking of secretory and cell-su...

Endoplasmic reticulum: nutrient sensor in physiology and pathology.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a metabolic organelle and an ideal nutrient sensor. In response to hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia or fatty acid overload, the ER triggers the unfolded protein response, which represses protein synthesis, alters insulin responsiveness and favors apoptosis. In addition, the ER affects steroid hormone activation and autophagy. The primary aim of these responses is to...

Integrative Physiology TRB3 Function in Cardiac Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Targeted Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induces Cartilage Pathology

Pathologies caused by mutations in extracellular matrix proteins are generally considered to result from the synthesis of extracellular matrices that are defective. Mutations in type X collagen cause metaphyseal chondrodysplasia type Schmid (MCDS), a disorder characterised by dwarfism and an expanded growth plate hypertrophic zone. We generated a knock-in mouse model of an MCDS-causing mutation...

Tolerance to endoplasmic reticulum stress mediates cisplatin resistance in human ovarian cancer cells by maintaining endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial homeostasis.

The mechanism of cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer is not fully understood. In the present study, we showed a critical role for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress tolerance in mediating cisplatin resistance in human ovarian cancer cells. We found cisplatin to inhibit the proliferation of two ovarian cancer cell lines: cisplatin-sensitive SKOV3 cells and cisplatin‑resistant SKOV3/DDP cells. ...